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unglycosylated rhifn α2  (Miltenyi Biotec)


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    Miltenyi Biotec unglycosylated rhifn α2
    Unglycosylated Rhifn α2, supplied by Miltenyi Biotec, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 61 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/human+ifn+%CE%B12/Human+IFN-%CE%B12a%2C+research+grade/pmc12984024-278-41-46
    Average 95 stars, based on 61 article reviews
    unglycosylated rhifn α2 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    95/100 stars

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    Related Articles

    Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay:

    Article Title: Autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons remain a significant risk factor for critical COVID-19 pneumonia in vaccinated patients.
    Article Snippet: Background: Neutralizing autoantibodies against type I interferons were strongly linked to severe COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients; however, this has yet to be evaluated in vaccinated individuals.. Objective: To analyze how these autoantibodies influences disease variability in vaccine breakthrough COVID-19 pneumonia patients.. Methods: Clinical and laboratory data; autoantibodies blocking interferon-α2 and –ω; and humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine were collected from all vaccinated COVID-19 pneumonia patients admitted from April 2021 to December 2022 at Bellvitge University Hospital, Spain.

    Recombinant:

    Article Title: Autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons remain a significant risk factor for critical COVID-19 pneumonia in vaccinated patients.
    Article Snippet: Background: Neutralizing autoantibodies against type I interferons were strongly linked to severe COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients; however, this has yet to be evaluated in vaccinated individuals.. Objective: To analyze how these autoantibodies influences disease variability in vaccine breakthrough COVID-19 pneumonia patients.. Methods: Clinical and laboratory data; autoantibodies blocking interferon-α2 and –ω; and humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine were collected from all vaccinated COVID-19 pneumonia patients admitted from April 2021 to December 2022 at Bellvitge University Hospital, Spain.

    other:

    Article Title: Profiling type I and II interferon responses reveals distinct subgroups of pediatric patients with autoinflammatory disorders
    Article Snippet: Whole blood cells were stimulated with 40,000 IU/mL of human IFN-α2 or IFN-γ (Miltenyi Biotec, San Diego, Calif) for 24 hours at 37°C + 5% CO 2 .

    Concentration Assay:

    Article Title: Autoantibodies neutralizing type 1 interferons in two cohorts of people with HIV
    Article Snippet: .. Corning Costar Assay Plates (CLS3474-24EA; Sigma-Aldrich) were coated overnight at 4°C with human IFN-α2 (130-093-874; Miltenyi Biotec) at a concentration of 1 μg/ml. .. The plates were washed three times with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) (D8537-500ML; Sigma-Aldrich) and blocked with 2% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in PBS for 1 h at room temperature.

    Control:

    Article Title: Autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons remain a significant risk factor for critical COVID-19 pneumonia in vaccinated patients.
    Article Snippet: Background: Neutralizing autoantibodies against type I interferons were strongly linked to severe COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients; however, this has yet to be evaluated in vaccinated individuals.. Objective: To analyze how these autoantibodies influences disease variability in vaccine breakthrough COVID-19 pneumonia patients.. Methods: Clinical and laboratory data; autoantibodies blocking interferon-α2 and –ω; and humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine were collected from all vaccinated COVID-19 pneumonia patients admitted from April 2021 to December 2022 at Bellvitge University Hospital, Spain.



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    unglycosylated rhifn α2  (Miltenyi Biotec)
    95
    Miltenyi Biotec unglycosylated rhifn α2
    Unglycosylated Rhifn α2, supplied by Miltenyi Biotec, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/human+ifn+%CE%B12/Human+IFN-%CE%B12a%2C+research+grade/pmc12984024-278-41-46
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    unglycosylated rhifn α2 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
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    ifn α2  (Novus Biologicals)
    94
    Novus Biologicals ifn α2
    (A) IgG binding to WNV EDIII by serial serum dilution. ELISA curves for samples from the 72 WND/WNF-suspected individuals and 3 orthoflavivirus naïve controls (black) are shown. The average of two independent experiments is shown. (B) Serum neutralization screening with WNV RVP . Shown is the rank-ordered NanoLuc activity relative to no-serum control for the 72 WND/WNF-suspected individuals and 1 orthoflavivirus naïve control (black); lower values correspond to higher neutralization. Samples with relative NanoLuc signal below 0.3 (dotted line) were selected for neutralization curves in (C). Each bar represents and individual participant sample analyzed at 1:100 dilution. Average signal of triplicate wells from a single experiment. (C) Neutralization of WNV RVP by serial serum dilution. Shown is the NanoLuc activity relative to no-serum control for 36 WND/WNF cases and 1 orthoflavivirus naïve control (black). Mean ± SD of triplicates. Representative of two independent experiments. (D-F) Identification of serum autoantibodies <t>to</t> <t>IFN-α2</t> and IFN-ω. Plots compare the ability of serum IgG to bind, and of serum to neutralize, IFN-α2 (D) and IFN-ω (E) (n=39; only samples for which sufficient serum was available were assayed). The comparison of IFN-α2 and IFN-ω neutralization is shown in (F). Binding is shown as relative Mean Fluorescence Intensity (MFI) and neutralization as relative ISG15-promoter driven luciferase signal compared to no serum control. The dotted lines indicate the threshold for positivity of the assay. , Representative of 2 independent experiments. (G) Age and gender distribution of the study participants with or without IFN-α2 and/or IFN-ω neutralizing autoantibodies. Welch’s test. (H and I) Serum IgG binding to WNV EDIII and serum neutralization of WNV RVP in study participants with or without IFN-α2 and/or IFN-ω neutralizing autoantibodies. The two groups are compared with respect to (H) IgG binding to WNV EDIII (Area Under the Curve (AUC) of ELISA and (I) neutralization of WNV RVP (NT 50 values). Horizontal lines indicate the mean. Mann-Whitney test. In (A to C), green, blue and red indicate samples from WNV-infected individuals from which antibodies were derived (Figure S2B and C). In (D to I), female is circle, male is square, dark blue neutralizes both IFN-α2 and IFN-ω, light blue neutralizes IFN-α2 only, grey does not neutralize either.
    Ifn α2, supplied by Novus Biologicals, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    ifn α2 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
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    ifn α2  (InvivoGen)
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    InvivoGen ifn α2
    (A) IgG binding to WNV EDIII by serial serum dilution. ELISA curves for samples from the 72 WND/WNF-suspected individuals and 3 orthoflavivirus naïve controls (black) are shown. The average of two independent experiments is shown. (B) Serum neutralization screening with WNV RVP . Shown is the rank-ordered NanoLuc activity relative to no-serum control for the 72 WND/WNF-suspected individuals and 1 orthoflavivirus naïve control (black); lower values correspond to higher neutralization. Samples with relative NanoLuc signal below 0.3 (dotted line) were selected for neutralization curves in (C). Each bar represents and individual participant sample analyzed at 1:100 dilution. Average signal of triplicate wells from a single experiment. (C) Neutralization of WNV RVP by serial serum dilution. Shown is the NanoLuc activity relative to no-serum control for 36 WND/WNF cases and 1 orthoflavivirus naïve control (black). Mean ± SD of triplicates. Representative of two independent experiments. (D-F) Identification of serum autoantibodies <t>to</t> <t>IFN-α2</t> and IFN-ω. Plots compare the ability of serum IgG to bind, and of serum to neutralize, IFN-α2 (D) and IFN-ω (E) (n=39; only samples for which sufficient serum was available were assayed). The comparison of IFN-α2 and IFN-ω neutralization is shown in (F). Binding is shown as relative Mean Fluorescence Intensity (MFI) and neutralization as relative ISG15-promoter driven luciferase signal compared to no serum control. The dotted lines indicate the threshold for positivity of the assay. , Representative of 2 independent experiments. (G) Age and gender distribution of the study participants with or without IFN-α2 and/or IFN-ω neutralizing autoantibodies. Welch’s test. (H and I) Serum IgG binding to WNV EDIII and serum neutralization of WNV RVP in study participants with or without IFN-α2 and/or IFN-ω neutralizing autoantibodies. The two groups are compared with respect to (H) IgG binding to WNV EDIII (Area Under the Curve (AUC) of ELISA and (I) neutralization of WNV RVP (NT 50 values). Horizontal lines indicate the mean. Mann-Whitney test. In (A to C), green, blue and red indicate samples from WNV-infected individuals from which antibodies were derived (Figure S2B and C). In (D to I), female is circle, male is square, dark blue neutralizes both IFN-α2 and IFN-ω, light blue neutralizes IFN-α2 only, grey does not neutralize either.
    Ifn α2, supplied by InvivoGen, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    ifn α2 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
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    ifn α2  (Miltenyi Biotec)
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    (A) IgG binding to WNV EDIII by serial serum dilution. ELISA curves for samples from the 72 WND/WNF-suspected individuals and 3 orthoflavivirus naïve controls (black) are shown. The average of two independent experiments is shown. (B) Serum neutralization screening with WNV RVP . Shown is the rank-ordered NanoLuc activity relative to no-serum control for the 72 WND/WNF-suspected individuals and 1 orthoflavivirus naïve control (black); lower values correspond to higher neutralization. Samples with relative NanoLuc signal below 0.3 (dotted line) were selected for neutralization curves in (C). Each bar represents and individual participant sample analyzed at 1:100 dilution. Average signal of triplicate wells from a single experiment. (C) Neutralization of WNV RVP by serial serum dilution. Shown is the NanoLuc activity relative to no-serum control for 36 WND/WNF cases and 1 orthoflavivirus naïve control (black). Mean ± SD of triplicates. Representative of two independent experiments. (D-F) Identification of serum autoantibodies <t>to</t> <t>IFN-α2</t> and IFN-ω. Plots compare the ability of serum IgG to bind, and of serum to neutralize, IFN-α2 (D) and IFN-ω (E) (n=39; only samples for which sufficient serum was available were assayed). The comparison of IFN-α2 and IFN-ω neutralization is shown in (F). Binding is shown as relative Mean Fluorescence Intensity (MFI) and neutralization as relative ISG15-promoter driven luciferase signal compared to no serum control. The dotted lines indicate the threshold for positivity of the assay. , Representative of 2 independent experiments. (G) Age and gender distribution of the study participants with or without IFN-α2 and/or IFN-ω neutralizing autoantibodies. Welch’s test. (H and I) Serum IgG binding to WNV EDIII and serum neutralization of WNV RVP in study participants with or without IFN-α2 and/or IFN-ω neutralizing autoantibodies. The two groups are compared with respect to (H) IgG binding to WNV EDIII (Area Under the Curve (AUC) of ELISA and (I) neutralization of WNV RVP (NT 50 values). Horizontal lines indicate the mean. Mann-Whitney test. In (A to C), green, blue and red indicate samples from WNV-infected individuals from which antibodies were derived (Figure S2B and C). In (D to I), female is circle, male is square, dark blue neutralizes both IFN-α2 and IFN-ω, light blue neutralizes IFN-α2 only, grey does not neutralize either.
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    (A) IgG binding to WNV EDIII by serial serum dilution. ELISA curves for samples from the 72 WND/WNF-suspected individuals and 3 orthoflavivirus naïve controls (black) are shown. The average of two independent experiments is shown. (B) Serum neutralization screening with WNV RVP . Shown is the rank-ordered NanoLuc activity relative to no-serum control for the 72 WND/WNF-suspected individuals and 1 orthoflavivirus naïve control (black); lower values correspond to higher neutralization. Samples with relative NanoLuc signal below 0.3 (dotted line) were selected for neutralization curves in (C). Each bar represents and individual participant sample analyzed at 1:100 dilution. Average signal of triplicate wells from a single experiment. (C) Neutralization of WNV RVP by serial serum dilution. Shown is the NanoLuc activity relative to no-serum control for 36 WND/WNF cases and 1 orthoflavivirus naïve control (black). Mean ± SD of triplicates. Representative of two independent experiments. (D-F) Identification of serum autoantibodies <t>to</t> <t>IFN-α2</t> and IFN-ω. Plots compare the ability of serum IgG to bind, and of serum to neutralize, IFN-α2 (D) and IFN-ω (E) (n=39; only samples for which sufficient serum was available were assayed). The comparison of IFN-α2 and IFN-ω neutralization is shown in (F). Binding is shown as relative Mean Fluorescence Intensity (MFI) and neutralization as relative ISG15-promoter driven luciferase signal compared to no serum control. The dotted lines indicate the threshold for positivity of the assay. , Representative of 2 independent experiments. (G) Age and gender distribution of the study participants with or without IFN-α2 and/or IFN-ω neutralizing autoantibodies. Welch’s test. (H and I) Serum IgG binding to WNV EDIII and serum neutralization of WNV RVP in study participants with or without IFN-α2 and/or IFN-ω neutralizing autoantibodies. The two groups are compared with respect to (H) IgG binding to WNV EDIII (Area Under the Curve (AUC) of ELISA and (I) neutralization of WNV RVP (NT 50 values). Horizontal lines indicate the mean. Mann-Whitney test. In (A to C), green, blue and red indicate samples from WNV-infected individuals from which antibodies were derived (Figure S2B and C). In (D to I), female is circle, male is square, dark blue neutralizes both IFN-α2 and IFN-ω, light blue neutralizes IFN-α2 only, grey does not neutralize either.
    Human Ifn α2, supplied by Miltenyi Biotec, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    Average 95 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    human ifn α2 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
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    ifn α2 quantikine hs elisa  (R&D Systems)
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    R&D Systems ifn α2 quantikine hs elisa
    (A) IgG binding to WNV EDIII by serial serum dilution. ELISA curves for samples from the 72 WND/WNF-suspected individuals and 3 orthoflavivirus naïve controls (black) are shown. The average of two independent experiments is shown. (B) Serum neutralization screening with WNV RVP . Shown is the rank-ordered NanoLuc activity relative to no-serum control for the 72 WND/WNF-suspected individuals and 1 orthoflavivirus naïve control (black); lower values correspond to higher neutralization. Samples with relative NanoLuc signal below 0.3 (dotted line) were selected for neutralization curves in (C). Each bar represents and individual participant sample analyzed at 1:100 dilution. Average signal of triplicate wells from a single experiment. (C) Neutralization of WNV RVP by serial serum dilution. Shown is the NanoLuc activity relative to no-serum control for 36 WND/WNF cases and 1 orthoflavivirus naïve control (black). Mean ± SD of triplicates. Representative of two independent experiments. (D-F) Identification of serum autoantibodies <t>to</t> <t>IFN-α2</t> and IFN-ω. Plots compare the ability of serum IgG to bind, and of serum to neutralize, IFN-α2 (D) and IFN-ω (E) (n=39; only samples for which sufficient serum was available were assayed). The comparison of IFN-α2 and IFN-ω neutralization is shown in (F). Binding is shown as relative Mean Fluorescence Intensity (MFI) and neutralization as relative ISG15-promoter driven luciferase signal compared to no serum control. The dotted lines indicate the threshold for positivity of the assay. , Representative of 2 independent experiments. (G) Age and gender distribution of the study participants with or without IFN-α2 and/or IFN-ω neutralizing autoantibodies. Welch’s test. (H and I) Serum IgG binding to WNV EDIII and serum neutralization of WNV RVP in study participants with or without IFN-α2 and/or IFN-ω neutralizing autoantibodies. The two groups are compared with respect to (H) IgG binding to WNV EDIII (Area Under the Curve (AUC) of ELISA and (I) neutralization of WNV RVP (NT 50 values). Horizontal lines indicate the mean. Mann-Whitney test. In (A to C), green, blue and red indicate samples from WNV-infected individuals from which antibodies were derived (Figure S2B and C). In (D to I), female is circle, male is square, dark blue neutralizes both IFN-α2 and IFN-ω, light blue neutralizes IFN-α2 only, grey does not neutralize either.
    Ifn α2 Quantikine Hs Elisa, supplied by R&D Systems, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    Average 94 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    ifn α2 quantikine hs elisa - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
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    recombinant human ifn α2  (Merck & Co)
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    Merck & Co recombinant human ifn α2
    (A) IgG binding to WNV EDIII by serial serum dilution. ELISA curves for samples from the 72 WND/WNF-suspected individuals and 3 orthoflavivirus naïve controls (black) are shown. The average of two independent experiments is shown. (B) Serum neutralization screening with WNV RVP . Shown is the rank-ordered NanoLuc activity relative to no-serum control for the 72 WND/WNF-suspected individuals and 1 orthoflavivirus naïve control (black); lower values correspond to higher neutralization. Samples with relative NanoLuc signal below 0.3 (dotted line) were selected for neutralization curves in (C). Each bar represents and individual participant sample analyzed at 1:100 dilution. Average signal of triplicate wells from a single experiment. (C) Neutralization of WNV RVP by serial serum dilution. Shown is the NanoLuc activity relative to no-serum control for 36 WND/WNF cases and 1 orthoflavivirus naïve control (black). Mean ± SD of triplicates. Representative of two independent experiments. (D-F) Identification of serum autoantibodies <t>to</t> <t>IFN-α2</t> and IFN-ω. Plots compare the ability of serum IgG to bind, and of serum to neutralize, IFN-α2 (D) and IFN-ω (E) (n=39; only samples for which sufficient serum was available were assayed). The comparison of IFN-α2 and IFN-ω neutralization is shown in (F). Binding is shown as relative Mean Fluorescence Intensity (MFI) and neutralization as relative ISG15-promoter driven luciferase signal compared to no serum control. The dotted lines indicate the threshold for positivity of the assay. , Representative of 2 independent experiments. (G) Age and gender distribution of the study participants with or without IFN-α2 and/or IFN-ω neutralizing autoantibodies. Welch’s test. (H and I) Serum IgG binding to WNV EDIII and serum neutralization of WNV RVP in study participants with or without IFN-α2 and/or IFN-ω neutralizing autoantibodies. The two groups are compared with respect to (H) IgG binding to WNV EDIII (Area Under the Curve (AUC) of ELISA and (I) neutralization of WNV RVP (NT 50 values). Horizontal lines indicate the mean. Mann-Whitney test. In (A to C), green, blue and red indicate samples from WNV-infected individuals from which antibodies were derived (Figure S2B and C). In (D to I), female is circle, male is square, dark blue neutralizes both IFN-α2 and IFN-ω, light blue neutralizes IFN-α2 only, grey does not neutralize either.
    Recombinant Human Ifn α2, supplied by Merck & Co, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/human+ifn+%CE%B12/alpha+injectable+interferon+product+recombinant/pmc12340550-72-27-30
    Average 86 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    recombinant human ifn α2 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
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    Image Search Results


    (A) IgG binding to WNV EDIII by serial serum dilution. ELISA curves for samples from the 72 WND/WNF-suspected individuals and 3 orthoflavivirus naïve controls (black) are shown. The average of two independent experiments is shown. (B) Serum neutralization screening with WNV RVP . Shown is the rank-ordered NanoLuc activity relative to no-serum control for the 72 WND/WNF-suspected individuals and 1 orthoflavivirus naïve control (black); lower values correspond to higher neutralization. Samples with relative NanoLuc signal below 0.3 (dotted line) were selected for neutralization curves in (C). Each bar represents and individual participant sample analyzed at 1:100 dilution. Average signal of triplicate wells from a single experiment. (C) Neutralization of WNV RVP by serial serum dilution. Shown is the NanoLuc activity relative to no-serum control for 36 WND/WNF cases and 1 orthoflavivirus naïve control (black). Mean ± SD of triplicates. Representative of two independent experiments. (D-F) Identification of serum autoantibodies to IFN-α2 and IFN-ω. Plots compare the ability of serum IgG to bind, and of serum to neutralize, IFN-α2 (D) and IFN-ω (E) (n=39; only samples for which sufficient serum was available were assayed). The comparison of IFN-α2 and IFN-ω neutralization is shown in (F). Binding is shown as relative Mean Fluorescence Intensity (MFI) and neutralization as relative ISG15-promoter driven luciferase signal compared to no serum control. The dotted lines indicate the threshold for positivity of the assay. , Representative of 2 independent experiments. (G) Age and gender distribution of the study participants with or without IFN-α2 and/or IFN-ω neutralizing autoantibodies. Welch’s test. (H and I) Serum IgG binding to WNV EDIII and serum neutralization of WNV RVP in study participants with or without IFN-α2 and/or IFN-ω neutralizing autoantibodies. The two groups are compared with respect to (H) IgG binding to WNV EDIII (Area Under the Curve (AUC) of ELISA and (I) neutralization of WNV RVP (NT 50 values). Horizontal lines indicate the mean. Mann-Whitney test. In (A to C), green, blue and red indicate samples from WNV-infected individuals from which antibodies were derived (Figure S2B and C). In (D to I), female is circle, male is square, dark blue neutralizes both IFN-α2 and IFN-ω, light blue neutralizes IFN-α2 only, grey does not neutralize either.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Human antibodies against West Nile and related orthoflaviviruses

    doi: 10.64898/2026.04.02.715800

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) IgG binding to WNV EDIII by serial serum dilution. ELISA curves for samples from the 72 WND/WNF-suspected individuals and 3 orthoflavivirus naïve controls (black) are shown. The average of two independent experiments is shown. (B) Serum neutralization screening with WNV RVP . Shown is the rank-ordered NanoLuc activity relative to no-serum control for the 72 WND/WNF-suspected individuals and 1 orthoflavivirus naïve control (black); lower values correspond to higher neutralization. Samples with relative NanoLuc signal below 0.3 (dotted line) were selected for neutralization curves in (C). Each bar represents and individual participant sample analyzed at 1:100 dilution. Average signal of triplicate wells from a single experiment. (C) Neutralization of WNV RVP by serial serum dilution. Shown is the NanoLuc activity relative to no-serum control for 36 WND/WNF cases and 1 orthoflavivirus naïve control (black). Mean ± SD of triplicates. Representative of two independent experiments. (D-F) Identification of serum autoantibodies to IFN-α2 and IFN-ω. Plots compare the ability of serum IgG to bind, and of serum to neutralize, IFN-α2 (D) and IFN-ω (E) (n=39; only samples for which sufficient serum was available were assayed). The comparison of IFN-α2 and IFN-ω neutralization is shown in (F). Binding is shown as relative Mean Fluorescence Intensity (MFI) and neutralization as relative ISG15-promoter driven luciferase signal compared to no serum control. The dotted lines indicate the threshold for positivity of the assay. , Representative of 2 independent experiments. (G) Age and gender distribution of the study participants with or without IFN-α2 and/or IFN-ω neutralizing autoantibodies. Welch’s test. (H and I) Serum IgG binding to WNV EDIII and serum neutralization of WNV RVP in study participants with or without IFN-α2 and/or IFN-ω neutralizing autoantibodies. The two groups are compared with respect to (H) IgG binding to WNV EDIII (Area Under the Curve (AUC) of ELISA and (I) neutralization of WNV RVP (NT 50 values). Horizontal lines indicate the mean. Mann-Whitney test. In (A to C), green, blue and red indicate samples from WNV-infected individuals from which antibodies were derived (Figure S2B and C). In (D to I), female is circle, male is square, dark blue neutralizes both IFN-α2 and IFN-ω, light blue neutralizes IFN-α2 only, grey does not neutralize either.

    Article Snippet: Serum samples were diluted 1:20 in OptiMEM (Optimized Minimal Essential Medium; Gibco, 31985070) containing 0.01 ng/mL IFN-α2 (Novus Biologicals, NBP2-34971) or 0.02 ng/mL IFN-ω (Novus Biologicals, NBP2-35893), together with a live-cell Renilla luciferase substrate (EnduRen, Promega, E6481; 1:10,000), and incubated for 1 hour with constant shaking at 600 rpm.

    Techniques: Binding Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Neutralization, Activity Assay, Control, Comparison, Fluorescence, Luciferase, MANN-WHITNEY, Infection, Derivative Assay